http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3284 2026-04-23T21:01:16Z 2026-04-23T21:01:16Z Rosemond, O. S. Christopher, L. Herman, L. E. Ampem, G. K.A Emmanuel, D. Danso, P. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4602 2026-04-22T15:01:44Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: EXTRACT OF FERMENTED AND NON-FERMENTED SEEDS OF PARKIA BIGLOBOSA ATTENUATES HYPERGLYCAEMIA AND RELATED NEPHROPATHY IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ANIMALS Authors: Rosemond, O. S.; Christopher, L.; Herman, L. E.; Ampem, G. K.A; Emmanuel, D.; Danso, P. Abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus persists as a major global health challenge despite several interventions. Remedies from natural plant products such as Parkia biglobosa (PB) seeds promises to be an effective alternative with no or fewer side effects. This study sort to assess and compare the total protein, fatty acid profile, phytochemical, antioxidant and antihyperglycaemic effect of fermented (FSE) and non-fermented (NSE) seed extract of PB in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced (STZ-N) diabetic rats. Methods: Proximate composition (total proteins and lipids), fatty acid composition (by Soxhlet extraction with petroleum ether followed GC-MS) as well as phytochemical constituent and radical scavenging activity were performed on FSE and NSE. Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg b.w) followed by nicotinamide (110 mg/kg b.w) 15 minutes afterwards. Diabetic rats were orally treated with FSE and NSE (at 100 mg/kg b.w and 250 mg/kg b.w) or glibenclamide daily for 28 days. The antihyperglycemic effect was evaluated using biochemical parameters such as fasting blood glucose levels (FBG), lipid profile and kidney function parameters. Result: Protein and crude fat levels in the fermented were higher than non-fermented (12.5% and 97.6%, respectively). Polyunsaturated fatty acids were present in both. NSE had higher phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The 250 mg/kg b.w of NSE and FSE reduced serum glucose levels by 53% and 42%, comparable to 39.5% of glibenclamide. total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and VLDL cholesterol levels were reduced, with increased HDL levels. Further improvement in kidney function parameters was observed compared to the diabetes control.Conclusion: This study showed that both non-fermented and fermented seed extract of PB exerted antihyperglycemic effects and had potent therapy for type 2 diabetes and related nephropathy

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Duwiejuah, A. B. Yakubu, A. Abubakari, A. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4534 2025-11-26T12:13:35Z 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: ADSORPTION PERFORMANCE OF GROUNDNUT AND SHEANUT SHELLS BIOCHARS IN TERNARY SYSTEM OF TOXIC METALS Authors: Duwiejuah, A. B.; Yakubu, A.; Abubakari, A. Abstract: The choice of biomass is influenced by its availability, potential characteristics such as abundance of functional groups and large surface area. This study explored the removal of toxic metal ions from aqueous solution using groundnut and sheanut shells biochars. Groundnut and sheanut shells biochars pyrolysed at 350 ± 5ºC and 700 ± 5°C and used to remove lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) in ternary systems. Initial toxic metal concentrations and residual concentrations after the biochars application were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The adsorption efficiency of groundnut and sheanut shells biochars pyrolysed at 350 ± 5ºC and 700 ± 5°C in the ternary system ranged from 81.28% to 100% for lead, cadmium ranged from 43.66% to 100% and mercury ranged from 96.38% to 100%. The higher removal rates of Pb, Cd and Hg by the biochars showed the pH solutions were favourable for the adsorption. Langmuir isotherm was the model that best fit the adsorption of toxic metal ions. Groundnut and sheanut shells biochars qualify as a feasible and economic option for toxic metals removal. Hence, studies should be conducted in real polluted water to ascertain the actual effectiveness of these biochar treatments.

2023-01-01T00:00:00Z Iddrisu, F. T. Agya, B. A. Edziyie, R. E. Campion, B. B. Akongyuure, D. N. Adjei-Boateng, D. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4516 2025-11-24T10:41:18Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF A BUDGET CAGE TECHNOLOGY ON NILE TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS) PRODUCTION IN THE BONTANGA, GOLINGA AND LIBGA RESERVOIRS IN NORTHERN GHANA, AFRICA Authors: Iddrisu, F. T.; Agya, B. A.; Edziyie, R. E.; Campion, B. B.; Akongyuure, D. N.; Adjei-Boateng, D. Abstract: The potential of irrigation reservoirs in northern Ghana to support Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production in 1 m3 budget cages was assessed over six-months in three reservoirs (Bontanga, Golinga and Libga). Fingerlings with a mean weight of 17.0 ± 5.0 g were randomly stocked at 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 fish per cage in duplicate and fed with a commercial tilapia feed (Raanan, 30% protein level) at 3 to 5% body weight. The results indicated that the lower densities (50 and 100 fish m-3) had a higher specific growth rate (SGR) compared to higher densities (150-250 fish m-3). The gross yield (7.5–23.1 kg cage-1) differed with increasing density on all reservoirs. Consumers in the Tamale Metropolis preferred small sized tilapias (5-6 fish kg-1) and were willing to pay US$ 1.40-2.34 kg-1 of fish, while restaurants preferred 2-3 fish kg-1 and were willing to pay US$ 3.27- 3.51 kg-1. The 200 fish m-3 stocking density was the most profitable and is recommended for cage culture on reservoirs in northern Ghana.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Karikari, A. B. Saba, C.K.S. Yamik, D.Y. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4325 2025-02-03T11:18:46Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: NORTHERN GHANA REPORTED CASES OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AND THE SUSCEPTIBILITY OF UROPATHOGENS FROM HOSPITALS IN NORTHERN GHANA. Authors: Karikari, A. B.; Saba, C.K.S.; Yamik, D.Y. Abstract: ABSTRACT: As global studies report varying trends in antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogens, it is necessary to have current and constant information on the prevalence of urinary tract infections, the causative pathogens, and their susceptibility profiles, for effective management in specific geographical settings. This prospective cross-sectional study focused on the prevalence of urinary tract infections, etiological agents, and their antibiogram in a secondary and tertiary care hospital in Northern Ghana. Urine samples collected from 219 patients of all age groups were cultured on cysteine lactose electrolyte deficient agar. Pathogens were identified following standard microbiological methods, and their susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Approximately 34% of the patients had significant bacteria, but the prevalence was slightly higher (P=.763) in the Tertiary care hospital (37.3%) than in the Secondary hospital (30.3%). Patients who were 60 years and above (27.0%) were commonly found with UTIs followed by the year group 20 to 29 years (20.3%). Although all the diagnoses had a positive relationship with urinary tract infection except Pyelonephritis, none of the underlying conditions was a significant (P > .05) predictor of urinary tract infection, with the odds ratio indicating that patients with hyperparathyroidism and dysuria had 2.606 times more likely increased risk or predictor of urinary tract infection. Ten different pathogens were identified, but Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus were frequently encountered. Gram-negative isolates generally showed more resistance. High resistance against ampicillin (100%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (88.5%), chloramphenicol (84.6%), augmentin (69.2%), ceftriaxone (69.2%), and ciprofloxacin (61.5%) were recorded. Amikacin was relatively effective against isolated pathogens. The high records of resistance among uropathogens and the occurrence of multidrug resistance (92%) reiterate the urgent call for rigorous surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among infectious pathogens in Ghana.

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